YOGYAKARTA, KOMPAS.com - Erupsi Gunung Merapi mengakibatkan perubahan pola mata air, karena terkuburnya sumber utama mata air pada sabuk mata air paling atas.
"Perubahan pola sabuk mata air itu akibat endapan material lahar khususnya di sekitar aliran Sungai Kuning, Gendol, dan Sungai Woro," kata Langgeng Wahyu Santoso, peneliti dari Fakultas Geografi UGM, yang juga anggota KLMB Fakultas Geografi UGM di Yogyakarta, Kamis (24/3/2011).
Menurut dia, salah satu sumber mata air potensial yang selama ini telah dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber utama air bersih Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Kabupaten Sleman, DIY, adalah mata air hulu Sungai Kuning, yakni Umbul Wadon dan Umbul Lanang. Kedua sumber ini telah terkubur endapan lahar Merapi.
"Untuk dapat merumuskan tindakan yang lebih baik dan tepat dalam upaya pengelolaan sumber daya mata air pascaerupsi Merapi, harus dipahami pendekatan geomorfologi kegunungapian. Selain itu, juga perlu dilakukan kajian potensi kerentanan air tanah bebas pencemaran," katanya.
Beberapa kajian lain yang perlu dilakukan di antaranya pola perubahan sabuk mata air dan karakteristiknya, hidrogeokimia air tanah dan mata air, kerusakan sistem jaringan air bersih, perencanaan pola ruang, dan kajian lingkungan hidup strategis ekoregion gunung api.
Peneliti dari Fakultas Teknik UGM Heru Hendrayana mengatakan saat ini kondisi mata air hanya tertutup material letusan Merapi, sehingga hanya mengubah bentang alam lokal dan tutupan lahan. Jika nanti ada mata air yang akan keluar, itu karena ada tekanan tinggi dari dalam tanah.
"Mata air yang keluar cenderung mencari tempat yang bertekanan rendah, bisa menyebar atau terkonsentrasi. Kita masih menunggu sumber air itu akan muncul di mana," katanya.
Merapi Eruption Has Been Shifts Springs
YOGYAKARTA, KOMPAS.com - eruption of Mount Merapi, resulting in changing patterns of spring, because the principal source of water buried in the belt of springs at the top.
"Changes in the pattern of the spring belt material deposits from lava flows, especially in the vicinity of the Yellow River, Gendol, and Woro River," said the Rev. Langgeng Santoso, researchers from the Faculty of Geography Gadjah Mada University, who is also a member of KLMB Faculty of Geography Gadjah Mada University in Yogyakarta, on Thursday (24 / 3 / 2011).
According to him, one of the potential water sources that had been used as the primary source of clean water Regional Water Company (PDAM) Sleman regency, Yogyakarta, is the springs upstream of the Yellow River, namely Bannerman Wadon and Lana Bannerman. Both these sources have been buried deposits of Merapi lava.
"To be able to formulate better measures and proper management of resources in an effort springs pascaerupsi Merapi, should be understood kegunungapian geomorphological approach. In addition, also required a review of potential vulnerability of ground water free of pollution," he said.
Several other studies that need to be done in a belt between the pattern of change in springs and their characteristics, hidrogeokimia ground water and spring water, clean water network system damage, space pattern planning, and strategic environmental assessment ecoregions volcano.
Researchers from the Faculty of Engineering Hendrayana Heru said the current condition of the material covered only spring eruption of Merapi, so just change the local landscape and land cover. If later there is a spring that will come out, it's because there is high pressure from the soil.
"The spring water that comes out tends to seek a place of low pressure, can be spread out or concentrated. We're still waiting for the water source where it would appear," he said.
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